Archive for March, 2008

George Winter

Monday, March 31st, 2008

Notable people named George Winter:

  • George D. Winter, a British doctor and medical pioneer.
  • George Winter (artist) (1809-1876), English-born painter of American frontier life.
  • George L. Winter, a.k.a. “Sassafras,” (1878-1951), a former Major League Baseball player.

SNOW

Monday, March 31st, 2008
This article is about the stream cipher. For the MI5 agent, see Arthur Owens.

SNOW 1.0 and 2.0 are two word-based synchronous stream ciphers developed by Thomas Johansson and Patrik Ekdahl at Lund University.

SNOW 1.0, originally simply SNOW, was submitted to the NESSIE project. The cipher has no known intellectual property or other restrictions. The cipher works on 32-bit words and supports both 128- and 256-bit keys. The cipher consists of a combination of a LFSR and a Finite State Machine (FSM) where the LFSR also feeds the next state function of the FSM. The cipher has a short initialization phase and very good performance on both 32-bit processors and in hardware.

During the NESSIE evaluation weaknesses was discovered and SNOW was therefore not included in the NESSIE suite of algorithms. The authors has developed a new version, version 2.0 of the cipher, that solves the weaknesses and improves the performance.

SNOW has been used in the ESTREAM project as a reference cipher for the performance evaluation.

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Snow Hill High School

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Snow Hill High School is located in Snow Hill, Maryland. Tom Davis is the principal.
The school is part of the Worcester County circulation.
Snow Hill High School was built in 1957.
According to the Snow Hill, Maryland page, parts of the 1999 film Runaway Bride were filmed on campus.

Focal vocabulary

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Focal vocabulary is a specialized set of terms and distinctions that is particularly important to a certain group; those with particular focuses of experience or activity. A lexicon, or vocabulary, is a language’s dictionary, its set of names for things, events, and ideas. Lexicon influences people’s perception on things. Thus, Eskimos have several distinct words for different types of snow that in English are all called snow. Most English speakers never noticed the differences between these types of snow and might have trouble seeing them even if someone pointed them out. Eskimos, on the other hand, recognize and think about the differences in snow that English speakers don’t see because our language gives us just one word. Similarly, the Nuer of Sudan have an elaborate vocabulary to describe cattle. The Nuer have dozens of names for cattle because of the cattle’s particular histories, economies, and environments. English speakers can also elaborate their snow and cattle vocabularies when the need arises.

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1988 Winter Paralympics

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

See also: 1988 Winter Olympics

The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games were the fourth winter Paralympics and they were held in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Winter Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Winter Olympics; beginning in 1992 the Olympics and the Paralympics were held in the same city or in an adjacent city.

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Etienne de Crécy

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Etienne de Crécy (also known as Superdiscount, EDC, Minos Pour Main Basse and Mooloodjee) is a French DJ and producer who composes house music.

Biography

Etienne de Crécy was born in Lyon in 1969, and attended the same college as Air and Alex Gopher, with whom he created the ‘Solid’ label. He then worked in Paris as a sound engineer where he met Cassius, with whom he worked on the Motorbass album, a preview of what would be his second album: Super Discount, released in 1996, with Air, Alex Gopher and other French artists on Solid. Etienne de Crécy has been involved in various music projects where he worked as a producer.

Super Discount included the track: “Tout doit disparaître” (Everything must go), “Prix Choc” (Discount Price), “Tout à 10 Balles” (Everything for 1$) etc… Super Discount showed a liberated side of house, which was very electro but also club, and it became indispensable. Thus Super Discount is considered by many as the first album of what is called the French touch, which grew on the international scene in the future.

Four years after Super Discount, he released Tempovision. Contrary to Super Discount, which was perfectly adapted for the radio, Tempovision is a mature album, a deep reflection on the electronic music of this time. In Etienne de Crécy’s opinion it was a blues album, which shows that the concept is far from others productions.

Finally, eight years after the first Super Discount album, came Super Discount 2 with the original team, plus Cassius, which means many of the best French electronic artists. For this album, he used only old analog instruments, for example a TB303, and produced twelve electro-house-pop-new wave songs designed for clubs, in the continuity of the first Super Discount. The single “Someone like You” was an immediate hit for House music fans. Another hit track of his is “Am I wrong”. In this track he uses a sample of Millie Jackson’s voice singing “Am I wrong to hunger…”. This is an excerpt from the song “If loving you is wrong… (I don’t want to be right)”. The spirit of the album is the same: it is fun, fresh and striking. Pursuing the Hard Discount concept of the first album, all the tracks are named by peer-to-peer clients names: “Overnet”, “Napster”… For Etienne de Crécy: “you have to be autistic in working in the music industry not to realize that something happens through the MP3 exchanges. It’s not discount anymore! It’s free!” and adding “what the music industry doesn’t understand, is that young people will not build their own music culture if they don’t have free access to the music.”

Urpmi

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

urpmi is a Mandriva Linux package management tool for installing, removing, updating and querying software packages of local or remote (networked) media. It wraps around the package manager rpm with the aim that the user should not have to suffer the often-encountered dependency hell. It works with official sources from Mandriva or unofficial sources such as those from the Penguin Liberation Front.

History

urpmi was developed as an experimentation by Pascal Rigaud to address RPM install limitation, it was further maintained by Francois Pons and different Mandriva employees. It is currently (2007) maintained by Pascal Rigaux (pixel).

Generic commands

Install package urpmi <package_name>
Uninstall package with link (dependencies) urpme <package_name>
Query the package database urpmq <package_name>
Find package that contains a file urpmf <file>
Update your package list urpmi.update -a
Update your system urpmi –auto-select

Useful commands

Find package containing <word> in their name urpmi -y <word>
Find package without link (dependencies) urpmi_rpm-find-leaves

Future-oriented

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Future-oriented is a term used in finance and economics to describe agents that discount the future lightly and so have a low discount rate, or equivalently a high discount factor.

Conversely, present-oriented agents discount the future heavily and so have a high discount rate, or equivalently a low discount factor.

Threshold braking

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Threshold braking or limit braking is a driving technique wherein the driver adjusts control of the brake system in an attempt to maximize the braking force of the vehicle. Done properly, this reduces the time and travel distance required to stop the vehicle to optimal amounts, or when racing, allows the driver to delay braking when entering a corner. The optimal amount of braking force is developed on a wheel at the point when the wheel just begins to slip (optimal slip will be between 5-15%). Braking beyond this point, as the tire begins to slide, the friction force between the tire and driving surface transitions from the static friction range into the kinetic friction range. Threshold braking avoids sliding and tries to keep the tire’s percentage slip at the optimal value, the value that produces the maximum frictional force.

The friction force (i.e. braking force) developed between the tire and driving surface is proportional to the load on the tire times the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction is a complex combination of factors, the most important of which is the combination of materials involved, namely, the tire (usually rubber) and the surface (asphalt, dirt, ice). When the wheels are slipping significantly (kinetic friction) the coefficient of friction is typically substantially less than when the wheels are not slipping (static friction) thereby reducing the braking force. The peak coefficient of friction occurs between static and dynamic endpoints, at the optimal slip percentage. The coefficient of friction is also a function of temperature, humidity, and applied load.

  • All Season Vs. Snow Tires In general, are you having to drive in cold & snow? If you are, then you want winter tires. All-seasons are made of a hard compound that doesn't perform

Etienne de Crécy

Sunday, March 30th, 2008

Etienne de Crécy (also known as Superdiscount, EDC, Minos Pour Main Basse and Mooloodjee) is a French DJ and producer who composes house music.

Biography

Etienne de Crécy was born in Lyon in 1969, and attended the same college as Air and Alex Gopher, with whom he created the ‘Solid’ label. He then worked in Paris as a sound engineer where he met Cassius, with whom he worked on the Motorbass album, a preview of what would be his second album: Super Discount, released in 1996, with Air, Alex Gopher and other French artists on Solid. Etienne de Crécy has been involved in various music projects where he worked as a producer.

Super Discount included the track: “Tout doit disparaître” (Everything must go), “Prix Choc” (Discount Price), “Tout à 10 Balles” (Everything for 1$) etc… Super Discount showed a liberated side of house, which was very electro but also club, and it became indispensable. Thus Super Discount is considered by many as the first album of what is called the French touch, which grew on the international scene in the future.

Four years after Super Discount, he released Tempovision. Contrary to Super Discount, which was perfectly adapted for the radio, Tempovision is a mature album, a deep reflection on the electronic music of this time. In Etienne de Crécy’s opinion it was a blues album, which shows that the concept is far from others productions.

Finally, eight years after the first Super Discount album, came Super Discount 2 with the original team, plus Cassius, which means many of the best French electronic artists. For this album, he used only old analog instruments, for example a TB303, and produced twelve electro-house-pop-new wave songs designed for clubs, in the continuity of the first Super Discount. The single “Someone like You” was an immediate hit for House music fans. Another hit track of his is “Am I wrong”. In this track he uses a sample of Millie Jackson’s voice singing “Am I wrong to hunger…”. This is an excerpt from the song “If loving you is wrong… (I don’t want to be right)”. The spirit of the album is the same: it is fun, fresh and striking. Pursuing the Hard Discount concept of the first album, all the tracks are named by peer-to-peer clients names: “Overnet”, “Napster”… For Etienne de Crécy: “you have to be autistic in working in the music industry not to realize that something happens through the MP3 exchanges. It’s not discount anymore! It’s free!” and adding “what the music industry doesn’t understand, is that young people will not build their own music culture if they don’t have free access to the music.”